Peel paragraph writing
Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleleyev Was Born In The Town Of Tobolsk, Siberia
Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleleyev was conceived in the town of Tobolsk, Siberia on February 8,1834. He was the most youthful of the 14 kids . His dad was the head of an exercise room ( a school where there isn't just body improvement yet there is likewise the advancement of the brain). His mom was shrewd and self-instructed . She utilized her siblings stuff who went to a college. In 1847 his dad got visually impaired of the waterfalls on his eyes and had to resign. So as to help this extremely enormous family his mom opened a glass manufacturing plant , yet quite soon the industrial facility torched in 1848 not long after his dad kicked the bucket. His family needed to stroll around 1000 miles to Moscow so as to get Dmitry into the University . He was not acknowledged . He and his at that point strolled to St. Petersburg where he got into the foundation of instructional method. In 1860 his mom kicked the bucket at 59 years old , this was four years after he graduated the foundation as sc ience and math instructor. He would work in the Crimea until war . In 1856 he came back to the St. Petersburg in 1856 and completed his MS degree at the St. Petersburg University. ?In 1869 he got an administration award to go get his Ph.D. in Paris with the Physicist Renault? . While in transit to Paris he halted in Poland some place close to Cracow so as to visit the salt mines. While in the salt mines was where his first thoughts begin to create. For what reason ought to KCl, NaCl, and NaBr look and carry on the same. In Paris he work was mostly centered around thethermal development of the fluids and after a year he went to the Heidelberg where he turned out to be old buddies with Borodin . Additionally worked with Bunsen ( the dad of photochemistry) . They detest each other extraordinarily . At the point when he came back to St. Petersburg in 1861 in the wake of finishing his Ph.D. what's more, turned into an educator at the Technical Institute at 27 years old. In 1863 he wedded one of his sister's companion to a great extent in light of the impact from his sister. He never really love one another ,however they had two youngsters and generally lived separated Mendeleev's mom This image shows Mendeleev and his better half going to some science show in St.Petersburg List of sources 1) Encyclopedia Britannica on-line at www.eb.com:180 Search question :Mendeleev 2) www.cis.lead.org/MUCT/Mendeleyev.html
Saturday, August 22, 2020
a great country Review Essay Example
an incredible nation Review Paper Article on an incredible nation Shockingly simple book as far as perusing both in substance and plan. The creator cautiously separate the content on the dome size of one page which clicked like seeds Toward the start of readings from humor plenitude impression that I was sitting in a show of Mikhail Zadornov, mixed with the following arrival of Our Rashi:. - Why do you, Russian, imagine that you are more brilliant than every other person Maggie reflect and locate the correct answer: We will compose a custom article test on an extraordinary nation Review explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on an extraordinary nation Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on an extraordinary nation Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer presumably in light of the fact that it is so ?. it ended up being Thomson nothing to cover, and he didn't utter a word more mile and a half - . Be that as it may, why, screwing poo, here smotre the street ?! This is, I surmise, you ought to be in Russian town oyanno watch the street, on the grounds that on it each half-mile swamp, at that point slide the ice sheet, at that point springs up the polar bear! What's more, here (in America), you can rest at eighty miles, rest five oclock and wake up in Texas, and afterward simply because that you push a burger in the case at max throttle In any case, as you read you realize that the writer isn't so shallow joker and the content start married, in spite of the proceeding with simplicity of style, genuinely precise and in some cases pitiful considerations about our Russian soul. Why not put the book Excellent and just great? I am persuaded that the writers ability would permit him to compose a great book in the soul of one-story America ââ¬â¹Ã¢â¬â¹by Ilf and Petrov (which is conceivable, some place by one way or another normal), at the same time, concerning me, unconventional story with the principle character unintentionally had supplanted the floor and lost his memory, and now and again frequenting humor isn't exceptionally a long way from transcending the abdomen, a couple of downplayed the estimation of the Great nation. All in all, the book to peruse I suggest. Mutiple or two of perusing it won't take nights, and between genuine writing may not be the unfilled fresh pastry
Tuesday, August 4, 2020
Building your Financial Life Spring Cleaning your Finances
Building your Financial Life Spring Cleaning your Finances Building your Financial Life: Spring Cleaning your Finances Building your Financial Life: Spring Cleaning your FinancesOppLoans Monthly Budget GuideItâs as sure a sign of spring as Opening Dayâ"with the first warm days of the year comes the urge to deep clean every nook and cranny of your home. But once youâve washed the windows and KonMari-ed your closet, itâs time to turn your attention to a frequently overlooked spring cleaning projectâ"the annual maintenance of your finances.Some cleaning tasks come with built-in reminders: If your kitchen floor crunches when you walk across the room, itâs time to vacuum. But too often, our most important money decisions are running on default settings. Life gets in the way, and the careful choices that you made a few years ago are left to gather dust.Whether your tax documents are still sitting in a pile on your desk, or you havenât reviewed your retirement plan since Pluto was still a planet, have no fear. We will walk you through the seven key steps of a successful financial cleanup, from g etting paperwork under control to checking in on the most important aspects of your financial life.Spring Cleaning Task #1: Purge PaperworkAs Coach Taylor said on Friday Night Lights, âclear eyes, clear organizational systems, canât loseâ (or something like that).The first step to eliminating paper clutter is having less of it, to begin with. Save some trees and streamline your own personal environment by going paperless. Consider these common candidates for switching to paperless statements:Bank statements: Be sure you can access bank records for the last three years, in case of a tax audit.Pay stubs: Many employers utilize an online portal where you can access past pay stubs and W-2 forms.Utilities and city services: In addition to gas and electric utilities, many cities offer paperless billing for water/sewer bills and property taxes. While youâre on your cityâs website, be sure to sign up for email alerts. Among the benefits of being an informed citizen, many municipal ities offer annual cleanup services such as yard waste pickup and bulk item disposal that can save you money on your other spring cleaning projects.Mortgage statementsInvestment and retirement accountsCredit card statementsNow that you have stemmed the influx of paper, itâs time to organize your existing paperwork. Below are general guidelines around which common financial records you should keep, and which ones are safe to toss.Tax returnsThe IRS recommends saving tax returns and any supporting documents for three years. If extenuating circumstances applyâ"for example, if you failed to file a return or underreported incomeâ"the IRS provides guidance here. Make sure to keep digital or paper copies of any associated W-2 and 1099 forms for as long as you keep the return itself.Medical billsKeep copies of paid medical bills for one year, or three years if you itemized medical expenses on your tax returns.ReceiptsFeel free to toss the receipt for the pack of gum you bought at the co nvenience store. Otherwise, plan to hold on to receipts for three months. For major purchases, keep your receipt for up to a year in case you need to make a return or use a warranty. You should also save receipts for anything you plan to itemize on your tax return.InsuranceKeep the paperwork for any active insurance policy; expired policies can be shredded.Mortgage and homeWhen you buy a home, you will need to save original copies of the closing statement and deed for as long as you own the property, and to retain documentation of a paid-off mortgage forever. In addition, consider keeping records of any major home improvement projects or purchases for your own reference or for future owners, particularly if those purchases include a warranty.AutomobileKeep your automobile title for as long as you own the vehicle, as well as records of any paid off car loans.Some documents, however, are with you for life, such as those involving major life events.Personal identityPlan to retain forev er any birth certificates, adoption certificates, passports (current and expired) for yourself and your family, as well as any marriage certificates or divorce decrees.Estate planningKeep fully executed original and digital copies of all estate planning documents, such as wills, revocable living trusts, medical directives, financial power of attorney designations, and any other instruments you have in place.Digital keysTo ensure security and accessibility, using a password management tool is a best practice for creating and storing your digital passwords, particularly for services providers who hold sensitive and personally identifying information. Write down a copy of your master password and store it with your important documents.Youâve done the hard work of paring down your financial paperwork to only the essentialsâ"donât stop now! For under $50, you can purchase a fire- and water-proof file safe for your home to secure and organize your most critical documents.Any paperwor k that you no longer need should be destroyed, especially if it contains any personal information (i.e. pretty much everything). If you donât own a shredder, cities, libraries, or financial services providers often host shredding days, where you can bring in documents to be disposed of in bulk. Office supply stores will also shred sensitive documents for a fee. You can purchase inexpensive shredding scissors to help keep a handle on incoming paper.Spring Cleaning Task #2: Get Ready for RetirementâSet it and forget it is a great strategy for Crock-Pot meal prep; less so for retirement. Your annual financial cleanup is the perfect time to reevaluate your retirement planning. Ask yourself some critical questions: Have you had a significant change in income since you last looked at your retirement funds? Have your retirement plans changed? What does your timeline look like, and do you need to move to more or less aggressive investments? Are you setting aside enough money to meet you r retirement goals?While you are reassessing your overall retirement picture, use this opportunity to take care of any housekeeping items. If you have funds sitting in an old 401(k), or a pool of money sitting in a savings account earmarked for retirement, now is the perfect time to move it to an IRA or another retirement account.Spring Cleaning Task #3: Do a Credit CheckWhile youâre checking off items on your spring cleaning list, donât forget to also check your credit report for errors or suspicious activity. You are entitled to access a free annual credit report from each credit reporting bureau. If you have children, you can also check their credit, and may consider freezing their credit until they are of an age to use it to reduce the risk of fraud.Spring Cleaning Task #4: Update InsuranceLife moves quickly, and a lot can happen in a year. A crucial step in your financial cleanup is making sure that your insurance coverage still meets your needs.Are you tackling spring clea ning in your very first apartment? Make sure that you are covered with renterâs insurance. A newlywed or new parent? Now is the time to consider life insurance, or reevaluate your existing policy to make sure you have sufficient coverage. In addition, take a look at all of your current insurance policies to make sure that the correct beneficiaries are listed, and update if necessary.If you own your home, this is also the perfect time to review your homeownerâs insurance. Take an inventory of your assets and update your policy accordingly. For further protection, you can also take a video inventory of your home and upload it to cloud storage. The better your records of the contents of your home, the more likely you will be able to recoup your property in the event of a loss.Spring Cleaning Task #5: Make an Estate PlanNo one likes to talk about worst-case scenarios, but it is important to prepare for things you hope will never occur. Let this be your annual reminder to ensure that you and your family are protected.If you have already created your estate plan, think through any major life changes that have taken place since you last updated them. Marriage, divorce, or the birth of a child are common scenarios, but some other triggers that are not always considered include acquiring significant new assets such as property or an inheritance or moving to a new state.Spring Cleaning Task #6: Hunt for BargainsYouâre on a spring cleaning roll, so keep up the momentum! Invest some time in online research, make a few phone calls, and you can likely save yourself some cash going forward. When was the last time you shopped for services like car insurance or a cell phone plan? Maybe youâre ready to cut the cable cord and switch to streaming. Or save money on interest by refinancing your student loans, or negotiating a better interest rate with your credit card company. There are lots of options out there, and doing the legwork now means savings later.Spring Cleaning Task #7: Revisit your BudgetAs you read in our introductory budget guide, a budget is a living document that should be periodically reevaluated to make sure it still reflects your financial priorities. As you work your way through spring cleaning your finances, revisit your budget, paying particular attention to your big picture goals. Make any adjustments needed to accommodate the changes you made throughout this process.In truth, an annual review of your finances doesnât necessarily have to be a spring cleaning task but can take place at any time of the year. What is critical is regularly checking in on your overall financial landscapeâ"making informed decisions about where your money goes and ensuring every dollar is hard at work in helping you reach your goals.Do you have a question about budgeting? Let us know! You can find us on Facebook and Twitter. | Instagram
Saturday, May 23, 2020
What Is the Median in Statistics
Itââ¬â¢s the midnight showing of the newest hit movie. People are lined up outside the theater waiting to get in. Suppose youââ¬â¢re asked to find the center of the line. How would you do this? There are a couple of different ways to go about solving this problem. In the end you would have to figure out how many people were in the line, and then take half of that number. If the total number is even, then the center of the line would be between two people. If the total number is odd, then the center would be a single person. You may ask, What does finding the center of a line have to do with statistics? This idea of finding the center is exactly what is used when calculating the median of a set of data. What Is the Median? The median is one of the three primary ways to find the average of statistical data. It is harder to calculate than the mode, but not as labor intensive as calculating the mean. It is the center in much the same way as finding the center of a line of people. After listing the data values in ascending order, the median is the data value with the same number of data values above it and below it. Case One: An Odd Number of Values Eleven batteries are tested to see how long they last. Their lifetimes, in hours, are given by 10, 99, 100, 103, 103, 105, 110, 111, 115, 130, 131. What is the median lifetime? Since there is an odd number of data values, this corresponds to a line with an odd number of people. The center will be the middle value. There are eleven data values, so the sixth one is in the center. Therefore median battery life is the sixth value in this list, or 105 hours. Note that the median is one of the data values. Case Two: An Even Number of Values Twenty cats are weighed. Their weights, in pounds, are given by 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 10, 10, 10, 11, 12, 12, 13. What is the median feline weight? Since there is an even number of data values, this corresponds to the line with an even number of people. The center is between the two middle values. In this case the center is between the tenth and eleventh data values. To find the median we calculate the mean of these two values, and obtain (78)/2 7.5. Here the median is not one of the data values. Any Other Cases? The only two possibilities are to have an even or odd number of data values. So the above two examples are the only possible ways to calculate the median. Either the median will be the middle value, or the median will be the mean of the two middle values. Typically data sets are much larger than the ones that we looked at above, but the process of finding the median is the same as these two examples. The Effect of Outliers The mean and mode are highly sensitive to outliers. What this means is that the presence of an outlier will dramatically affect both of these measures of the center. One advantage of the median is that it is not influenced as much by an outlier. To see this, consider the data set 3, 4, 5, 5, 6. The mean is (34556)/5 4.6, and the median is 5. Now keep the same data set, but add the value 100: 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 100. Clearly 100 is an outlier, as it is much greater than all of the other values. The mean of the new set is now (34556100)/6 20.5. However, the median of the new set is 5. Although the Application of the Median Due to what we have seen above, the median is the preferred measure of average when the data contains outliers. When incomes are reported, a typical approach is to report the median income. This is done because the mean income is skewed by a small number of people with very high incomes (think Bill Gates and Oprah).
Monday, May 11, 2020
African American And Middle Eastern Slavery - 963 Words
A common occurrence in the twentieth century historiography of American and Middle Eastern slavery is to downplay the significance of African societies as major players in the international trade network, while ignoring the slave tradeââ¬â¢s effect on cultures throughout Africa. Paul Lovejoy attempts to highlight these connections by examining how the demand for slaves in the export market altered local political economies and drastically changed the practice of slavery throughout Africa. Transformations in Slavery: A History of Slavery in Africa is a synthesis work, covering multiple regions of the continent over a span of five hundred years, beginning in the fifteenth century. It is an impressive piece of historical scholarship that describes the ripple effect made by the international slave trade on nearly every society in Africa, even those with limited European contact. Despite several intriguing and logical arguments, the book displays moments of inconsistency. His definitio n of a slave is too narrow for his application of it, his synthesis approach results in frequent generalizations, and by assuming total domination of the enslaver over the enslaved he denies any possibility of slave agency. Lovejoyââ¬â¢s definition of slavery changes based on his needs, and he rarely applies it to his analysis of Africaââ¬â¢s internal market. Sometimes it is rather limited, leaving the reader to wonder if any but the harsher slave societies would qualify, while in practice, particularly whenShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling : The National Institute Of Justice Essay1311 Words à |à 6 Pagesback to slavery. Racial profiling has recently started being recorded, which is why it has become such a huge national issue today, because people can no longer ignore it. This issue is not specific to one race, religion, ethnicity, or national origin. 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We are going to see how white supremacy is ugly and not needed. Iââ¬â¢m going to speak about African Americans first and then discuss about other minority groups. AA have suffered through centuries of slavery and then they were given rights in 1968. 1968 was forty-five years ago.Read MoreRacial Profiling1430 Words à |à 6 Pagespractices. A common misconception begins as some people are unaware of what racial profiling actually is. Racial profiling typically deals with incarceration, miss education, and to certain extent slavery. The topic of slavery is relevant in the conversation of racial profiling because like slavery, African Americans have suffered just due their own identity. Profiling is essentially the selection of an individual and categorizing them due to a specific racial group. The ever growing issue of racial profilingRead MoreJust Say No Programs And The War On Drugs Laws1375 Words à |à 6 Pagesharsh sentencing laws, that included three-strikes laws, and mandatory minimum sentencing statute. Reagan and Bushesââ¬â¢ laws and governmental racial projects of racial profiling cast new forms of racial control on blacks reminiscent of the days of slavery as the focal point of Reganââ¬â¢s implementation of the ââ¬Å"war on drug lawsâ⬠centered in poor urban black neighborhoods stripped of jobs, resources, and basic public services. Reganââ¬â¢s enforcing of anti-drug efforts in poor urban black communities led toRead MoreHuman Cruelty1239 Words à |à 5 Pagescan control them. The trail of tears, African Slavery, and the Holocaust all show human cruelty weather it is to the Indians, slaves, or Jewish people by forcing them to do and go wherever the powerful forces made them. In the trail of tears, innocent Cherokee Indians were forced off their land. Between 1790 and 1830 the population of Georgia increased greatly. The western push of the settlers created a problem. Georgians continued to take Native American lands and force them into the frontierRead MoreSummary of People and Empires844 Words à |à 3 Pagesthe Spanish Empire, British Empire, and the European Colonial influence into the 20th Century. The book begins with Alexander, an ancient Greece king. Alexander life became a tale of the elision of knowledge and understanding with power. In the middle ages, Alexander became a legendary figure whose desire to subjugate the entire world. He did not even came close but did manage to conquere the Persian Empire, Anatolia, Syria, Phoenicia, Judea, Gaza, Egypt, Bactrian and Mesopotamia. However, Alexanders
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Bouncers Essay Free Essays
BOUNCERS BOUNCERS John Godberââ¬â¢s play, ââ¬ËBOUNCERS,ââ¬â¢ was written and performed in the year 1977 and captures the generalised stereotypes of a group of Bouncers, Girls and ââ¬ËLagaladsââ¬â¢ on a night out in the town. With only four members in the cast, Godber cleverly directs the performance to be comedic and easily understandable through the actorsââ¬â¢ characterisation and clever use of lighting and set. The play takes you through a typical Friday night in town at a club called ââ¬Ëasylum,ââ¬â¢ which creates a strong reference suggesting it is a place where all the ââ¬Ëcrazyââ¬â¢ people go. We will write a custom essay sample on Bouncers Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It begins with each of the four bouncers individually walking on stage with a solid posture as a Bouncer. Each one would then suddenly break out into a dance move; the first bouncer was able to ââ¬Ëlock and popââ¬â¢ really well and as each one came out, the worse they got, immediately connecting with the audience as they found it hilarious. This is one of Godberââ¬â¢s techniques to keep the audience engaged at all times, as jokes are told that the audience understand and can relate to, ultimately making the performance more enjoyable for both the actors and audience. The play then continues on to tell the story in episodes due to its episodic structure, about a group of four girls who are preparing for a night out. Godberââ¬â¢s use of clean transitions allowed the plot to unfold fluently; the only four objects on stage (four beer barrels), were collected by the actors whilst they spoke, and two actors collected a beer barrel each to be placed into the centre of the stage acting as chairs and then would continue on to the next scene, making it clear to the audience that there was a scene change by introducing the characters they were representing. This is one of Godberââ¬â¢s techniques that was influenced by Bertolt Brecht, which is used to stop the audience thinking about what the characters are like and just concentrate on the performance. The lighting between transitions also indicated that there was a scene change, as it would either the whole stage would either be brightly lit or dimmer and more intimate, which is another influence of Brechtââ¬â¢s, as he would contrast and juxtaposition scenes. I found that by introducing the characters, the audience were able to enjoy he performance as they were constantly told who the actors were representing and didnââ¬â¢t get confused. However, I found that because the characterisation between each of the characterââ¬â¢s they played was so different and you were able to differentiate between each one easily, the constant introductions were unnecessary. The acting style for all of the actors was very comedic throughout the play. This was portrayed extremely effectively, as their slick comedic timing between lines was fast and sharp making it very humorous. The characterisation of each of the characters also added to the comedy, especially when they were representing the female characters, as their bodies were very relaxed and they used exaggerated feminine gestures. Additionally, their versatile use of vocals created even further humour, as they could be loud and raucous ââ¬Ëlagalads,ââ¬â¢ contrasting to soft and gentle women and this created a lot of enjoyment for the audience, keeping them engaged throughout the whole play. Godberââ¬â¢s choice of a completely open setting worked effectively for this type of performance. The entertainment in the play was purely created by actors themselves, and the set didnââ¬â¢t detract away from this but emphasised it. By being completely open, the audience are able to see the good quality of acting the actors could do as they didnââ¬â¢t have any support from any sort of set. The lighting however, set the scene as much as the actors, as the flashing and changing lights indicated that they were dancing in the club, whereas the solid flickering lights positioned on each actor clearly and effectively indicated that they were portraying a scene on a bus. This scene was also clear due to the actors jiggering up and down and miming holding on to a handle bar above their heads. This effective scene was one of my personal highlights of the play as it was a very clever technique used by Godber and was clearly recognised. My other favourite scene was the hairdressers near the beginning, and particularly in that scene one of the actors using their hands and clicking their fingers behind someoneââ¬â¢s another actors head representing a pair of scissors cutting someoneââ¬â¢s hair. I found this extremely effective and easily recognisable. I particularly liked the transition between the hairdressers scene into the barbers immediately after, as all of the actors simply stood up out of character and said ââ¬ËBarberââ¬â¢s,ââ¬â¢ indicating the scene change, and this was emphasised by the physicality dropping from the women into loud and scrambling men. I thoroughly enjoyed ââ¬ËBOUNCERSââ¬â¢ due to itââ¬â¢s comedy style and the actorââ¬â¢s excellent acting. As it was very up to date with the choice of music and clubbing scenes, I could engage with the play easily as it is what I am being brought up around in society today and this slowed me to enjoy it even further. How to cite Bouncers Essay, Essay examples
Thursday, April 30, 2020
Financial Management of Theory and Practice - MyAssignmenthelp.com
Question: Discuss about the Financial Management of Theory and Practice. Answer: Analysis of the Income Statement In order to evaluate the common size income statement of Microsoft for last three years in order to report on change in net income due to change in expenses there is need to carry out the trend analysis. Trend analyses are of two types, horizontal trend analysis and vertical trend analysis. Below are vertical and horizontal trend analyses (Horngren, 2012): INCOME STATEMENT Particulars 2015-06 2016-06 2017-06 USD in millions except per share data Revenue $ 93,580.00 $ 85,320.00 $ 89,950.00 Cost of revenue $ 33,038.00 $ 32,780.00 $ 34,261.00 Gross profit $ 60,542.00 $ 52,540.00 $ 55,689.00 Operating expenses Research and development $ 12,046.00 $ 11,988.00 $ 13,037.00 Sales, General and administrative $ 20,324.00 $ 19,260.00 $ 20,020.00 Restructuring, merger and acquisition Other operating expenses $ 10,011.00 $ 1,110.00 $ 306.00 Total operating expenses $ 42,381.00 $ 32,358.00 $ 33,363.00 Operating income $ 18,161.00 $ 20,182.00 $ 22,326.00 Interest Expense $ 781.00 $ 1,243.00 $ 2,222.00 Other income (expense) $ 1,127.00 $ 812.00 $ 3,045.00 Income before taxes $ 18,507.00 $ 19,751.00 $ 23,149.00 Provision for income taxes $ 6,314.00 $ 2,953.00 $ 1,945.00 Net income $ 12,193.00 $ 16,798.00 $ 21,204.00 (Annual Report, 2016 and 2017) INCOME STATEMENT (Vertical Analysis) Particulars 2015-06 2016-06 2017-06 USD in millions except per share data Revenue 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% Cost of revenue 35.30% 38.42% 38.09% Gross profit 64.70% 61.58% 61.91% Operating expenses Research and development 12.87% 14.05% 14.49% Sales, General and administrative 21.72% 22.57% 22.26% Restructuring, merger and acquisition 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Other operating expenses 10.70% 1.30% 0.34% Total operating expenses 45.29% 37.93% 37.09% Operating income 19.41% 23.65% 24.82% Interest Expense 0.83% 1.46% 2.47% Other income (expense) 1.20% 0.95% 3.39% Income before taxes 19.78% 23.15% 25.74% Provision for income taxes 6.75% 3.46% 2.16% Net income 13.03% 19.69% 23.57% INCOME STATEMENT Horizontal Analysis) Particulars 2015-06 2016-06 2017-06 USD in millions except per share data Revenue 100.00% 91.17% 96.12% Cost of revenue 100.00% 99.22% 103.70% Gross profit 100.00% 86.78% 91.98% Operating expenses Research and development 100.00% 99.52% 108.23% Sales, General and administrative 100.00% 94.76% 98.50% Restructuring, merger and acquisition Other operating expenses 100.00% 11.09% 3.06% Total operating expenses 100.00% 76.35% 78.72% Operating income 100.00% 111.13% 122.93% Interest Expense 100.00% 159.15% 284.51% Other income (expense) 100.00% 72.05% 270.19% Income before taxes 100.00% 106.72% 125.08% Provision for income taxes 100.00% 46.77% 30.80% Net income 100.00% 137.77% 173.90% (Annual Report, 2016 and 2017) Observations for the income Statement Analysis It has been noted that there has been constant increase in cost of good gold as it was 35.30 % of the net sales in year 2015 and increased to 38.42% to net sales in year 2016. So it can be said that increase in percentage of cost of goods sold as against the sales has decreased the net income of the company. Selling and general expenses together termed as operating expenses has decreased a lot in year 2016 as compared to year 2015. In year 2015 operating expenses was 45.29% that was reduced to 37.93 % in year 2016 and 37.09% in year 2017. So it can be said that the decrease in operating expenses has lead to some increase in net income of the company. Depreciation refers to notional expense as it does not lead to cash flow of resources but it impacts the net income of company. There has been increase in depreciation amount year by year that leads to decrease in net income of the company. Taxes are the expenses that are paid to the government and it decreases the net income of the company. In year 2016 and 2017 there has been decrease in tax expenses as compared to year 2015 which leads to increase in net income of the Microsoft in both the years. There has been constant decrease in net income of the company (Brigham Ehrhardt, 2007) Analysis of the Balance Sheet Same horizontal and vertical trend analysis of the balance sheet has been carried down below and various observations are made. BALANCE SHEET Particulars 2015-06 2016-06 2017-06 USD in millions except per share data Assets Current assets Cash Cash and cash equivalents $ 5,595.00 $ 6,510.00 $ 7,663.00 Short-term investments $ 90,931.00 $ 106,730.00 $ 125,318.00 Total cash $ 96,526.00 $ 113,240.00 $ 132,981.00 Receivables $ 17,908.00 $ 18,277.00 $ 19,792.00 Inventories $ 2,902.00 $ 2,251.00 $ 2,181.00 Deferred income taxes $ 1,915.00 Other current assets $ 5,461.00 $ 5,892.00 $ 4,897.00 Total current assets $ 124,712.00 $ 139,660.00 $ 159,851.00 Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment Gross property, plant and equipment $ 32,337.00 $ 38,156.00 $ 47,913.00 Accumulated Depreciation -$ 17,606.00 -$ 19,800.00 -$ 24,179.00 Net property, plant and equipment $ 14,731.00 $ 18,356.00 $ 23,734.00 Equity and other investments $ 12,053.00 $ 10,431.00 $ 6,023.00 Goodwill $ 16,939.00 $ 17,872.00 $ 35,122.00 Intangible assets $ 4,835.00 $ 3,733.00 $ 10,106.00 Other long-term assets $ 2,953.00 $ 3,642.00 $ 6,250.00 Total non-current assets $ 51,511.00 $ 54,034.00 $ 81,235.00 Total assets $ 176,223.00 $ 193,694.00 $ 241,086.00 Liabilities and stockholders' equity Liabilities Current liabilities Short-term debt $ 7,484.00 $ 12,904.00 $ 10,121.00 Accounts payable $ 6,591.00 $ 6,898.00 $ 7,390.00 Taxes payable $ 606.00 $ 580.00 $ 718.00 Accrued liabilities $ 5,096.00 $ 5,264.00 $ 5,819.00 Deferred revenues $ 23,223.00 $ 27,468.00 $ 34,102.00 Other current liabilities $ 6,858.00 $ 6,243.00 $ 6,377.00 Total current liabilities $ 49,858.00 $ 59,357.00 $ 64,527.00 Non-current liabilities Long-term debt $ 27,808.00 $ 40,783.00 $ 76,073.00 Deferred taxes liabilities $ 2,835.00 $ 1,476.00 $ 531.00 Deferred revenues $ 2,095.00 $ 6,441.00 $ 10,377.00 Other long-term liabilities $ 13,544.00 $ 13,640.00 $ 17,184.00 Total non-current liabilities $ 46,282.00 $ 62,340.00 $ 104,165.00 Total liabilities $ 96,140.00 $ 121,697.00 $ 168,692.00 Stockholders' equity Common stock $ 68,465.00 $ 68,178.00 $ 69,315.00 Retained earnings $ 9,096.00 $ 2,282.00 $ 2,648.00 Accumulated other comprehensive income $ 2,522.00 $ 1,537.00 $ 431.00 Total stockholders' equity $ 80,083.00 $ 71,997.00 $ 72,394.00 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 176,223.00 $ 193,694.00 $ 241,086.00 BALANCE SHEET (Vertical Analysis) Particulars 2015-06 2016-06 2017-06 USD in millions except per share data Assets Current assets Cash Cash and cash equivalents 3.17% 3.36% 3.18% Short-term investments 51.60% 55.10% 51.98% Total cash 54.77% 58.46% 55.16% Receivables 10.16% 9.44% 8.21% Inventories 1.65% 1.16% 0.90% Deferred income taxes 1.09% 0.00% 0.00% Other current assets 3.10% 3.04% 2.03% Total current assets 70.77% 72.10% 66.30% Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment Gross property, plant and equipment 18.35% 19.70% 19.87% Accumulated Depreciation -9.99% -10.22% -10.03% Net property, plant and equipment 8.36% 9.48% 9.84% Equity and other investments 6.84% 5.39% 2.50% Goodwill 9.61% 9.23% 14.57% Intangible assets 2.74% 1.93% 4.19% Other long-term assets 1.68% 1.88% 2.59% Total non-current assets 29.23% 27.90% 33.70% Total assets 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% Liabilities and stockholders' equity Liabilities Current liabilities Short-term debt 4.25% 6.66% 4.20% Accounts payable 3.74% 3.56% 3.07% Taxes payable 0.34% 0.30% 0.30% Accrued liabilities 2.89% 2.72% 2.41% Deferred revenues 13.18% 14.18% 14.15% Other current liabilities 3.89% 3.22% 2.65% Total current liabilities 28.29% 30.64% 26.77% Non-current liabilities Long-term debt 15.78% 21.06% 31.55% Deferred taxes liabilities 1.61% 0.76% 0.22% Deferred revenues 1.19% 3.33% 4.30% Other long-term liabilities 7.69% 7.04% 7.13% Total non-current liabilities 26.26% 32.18% 43.21% Total liabilities 54.56% 62.83% 69.97% Stockholders' equity Common stock 38.85% 35.20% 28.75% Retained earnings 5.16% 1.18% 1.10% Accumulated other comprehensive income 1.43% 0.79% 0.18% Total stockholders' equity 45.44% 37.17% 30.03% Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% (Annual Report, 2016 and 2017) BALANCE SHEET (Horizontal Analysis) Particulars 2015-06 2016-06 2017-06 USD in millions except per share data Assets Current assets Cash Cash and cash equivalents 100.00% 116.35% 136.96% Short-term investments 100.00% 117.37% 137.82% Total cash 100.00% 117.32% 137.77% Receivables 100.00% 102.06% 110.52% Inventories 100.00% 77.57% 75.16% Deferred income taxes 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% Other current assets 100.00% 107.89% 89.67% Total current assets 100.00% 111.99% 128.18% Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment Gross property, plant and equipment 100.00% 117.99% 148.17% Accumulated Depreciation 100.00% 112.46% 137.33% Net property, plant and equipment 100.00% 124.61% 161.12% Equity and other investments 100.00% 86.54% 49.97% Goodwill 100.00% 105.51% 207.34% Intangible assets 100.00% 77.21% 209.02% Other long-term assets 100.00% 123.33% 211.65% Total non-current assets 100.00% 104.90% 157.70% Total assets 100.00% 109.91% 136.81% Liabilities and stockholders' equity Liabilities Current liabilities Short-term debt 100.00% 172.42% 135.24% Accounts payable 100.00% 104.66% 112.12% Taxes payable 100.00% 95.71% 118.48% Accrued liabilities 100.00% 103.30% 114.19% Deferred revenues 100.00% 118.28% 146.85% Other current liabilities 100.00% 91.03% 92.99% Total current liabilities 100.00% 119.05% 129.42% Non-current liabilities Long-term debt 100.00% 146.66% 273.57% Deferred taxes liabilities 100.00% 52.06% 18.73% Deferred revenues 100.00% 307.45% 495.32% Other long-term liabilities 100.00% 100.71% 126.88% Total non-current liabilities 100.00% 134.70% 225.07% Total liabilities 100.00% 126.58% 175.46% Stockholders' equity Common stock 100.00% 99.58% 101.24% Retained earnings 100.00% 25.09% 29.11% Accumulated other comprehensive income 100.00% 60.94% 17.09% Total stockholders' equity 100.00% 89.90% 90.40% Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 100.00% 109.91% 136.81% (Annual Report, 2016 and 2017) Observation made on the balance sheet changes: The cash and cash equivalents ranges 3% to 4% of the total assets in all the last three years The inventory ranges 0.90% to 2.00% of the total assets in all the last three years The account receivable ranges 8.00 % to 11.00 % of the total assets in all the last three years The long term debt ranges 25.00 % to 45.00 % of the total Liabilities and Shareholder Equity in all the last three years. It can be better seen in vertical analysis of balance sheet The equity ranges 28.00 % to 40.00 % of the total Liabilities and Shareholder Equity in all the last three years The retained earnings range 1.00 % to 5.00 % of the total Liabilities and Shareholder Equity in all the last three years (Besley Brigham, 2014) References Annual Report. 2016. Microsoft Corporation. Retrieved 5 December 2017, from https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/Investor/annual-reports.aspx Annual Report. 2017. Microsoft Corporation. Retrieved 5 December 2017, from https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/Investor/annual-reports.aspx Besley, S. Brigham, E. 2014. Principles of Finance. Cengage Learning. Brigham, E. Ehrhardt, M. 2007. Financial Management: Theory Practice. Cengage Learning. Horngren, C. 2012. Financial Accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU.
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