Thalassemia Essay Example

Thalassemia Paper Beta Thalassemia Beta thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by the abnormal production of a blood protein called hemoglobin. This condition is caused by a mutation within the gene that is responsible for the healthy production of hemoglobin. In healthy people, hemoglobin carries oxygen to tissues and cells throughout the body. Patients with beta thalassemia do not have adequate levels of oxygen within the blood, which can cause anemia. There are two main types of beta thalassemia with symptoms that range from mild to severe. Beta-globin is produced by two genes, one gene from each parent. The severity of the condition correlates with the amount of normal beta-globin production. Beta Thalassemia Minor The individuals with thalassemia minor have only one copy of the beta thalassemia gene. These individuals are said to be heterozygous for beta thalassemia and will have mild anemia. This situation can vary closely resemble that with mild iron-deficiency anemia. However, people with thalassemia minor have a normal blood iron level. No treatment is necessary for thalassemia minor. In particular, iron is neither necessary nor advised. Beta Thalassemia Major The child born with thalassemia major has two genes for beta thalassemia and no normal beta chain gene. The child is homozygous for beta thalassemia. This causes a striking deficiency in beta chain production and in the production of HBA. The clinical picture associated with thalassemia major was first described in 1925 by the American pediatrician Thomas Cooley. Hense, the name Cooleys anemia in his honor. At birth the baby with thalassemia major seems entirely normal. Anemia begins to develop within the first months after birth. It becomes progressively more and more severe. We will write a custom essay sample on Thalassemia specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Thalassemia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Thalassemia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Chromosome location The gene controlling beta chain production is located on the short (p) arm of chromosome 11 at position 15. 5. More precisely, The HBB gene is located from base pair 5,203,271 to base pair 5,204,876 on chromosome 11. Characteristics of the Disease Beta thalassema major is characterized by severe anemia that can begin months after birth. In the United States and other developed countries, beta thalassemia is identified and treated early and effectively. In untreated, beta thalassemia major can lead to severe tiredness, jaundice, and growth and developmental delay. The body attempts to compensate by producing more blood cells in the bone marrow. However, this is ineffective without the needed genetic instructions to make enough functioning hemoglobin. Instead, obvious bone expansion and changes occur that cause characteristics facial and other changes in appearance, as well as increased risk of fractures. Severe anemia affects other organs in the body such as the heart, spleen, and liver. This can lead to heart failure and enlargement of the the liver and spleen. When untreated, beta thalassemia major generally results in childhood death, usually due to heart failure. Fortunately, in developed countries diagnosis is usually made early, often before symptoms have begun. This allows for treatment with blood transfusion therapy, which can prevent most of the complications of the severe anemia caused by beta thalassemia major. A compelet blood count will identify low levels of hemoglobin and other red blood cell abnormalities that are characterized with beta thalassemia. Since thalassemia trait can sometimes be difficult to distinguish from iron deficiency, tests to evaluate iron levels are important. A hemoglobin electrophoresis is a test that can help identify the types and quantities of hemoglobin made by an individual. This test uses an electric field applied across a slab of gel-like material. Hemoglobins migrate through this gel at various rates and to specific locations, depending on their size, shape, and electrical charge. In addition, isoelectric focusing and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) use similar principles to separate hemoglobins and can be used instead of or in various combination with hemoglobin electrophoresis to determine the types and quantities of hemoglobin present. Hemoglobin electrophoresis results are usually within the normal range for all types of alpha thalassemia. However, hemoglobin A2 levels and sometimes hemoglobin F levels are elevated when beta thalassemia disease or trait is present. Hemoglobin electrophoresis can also detect structurally abnormal hemoglobins that may be co-inherited with a thalassemia trait to cause thalassemia disease or other types of hemoglobin disease. Sometimes DNA testing is needed in addition to the screening tests. This can be performed to help confirm that diagnosis and establish the exact genetic type of thalassemia. Treatment or Management of the Condition The most common treatment of all major forms of thalassemia is red blood cell transfusions. These transfusions are necessary to provide the patient with a temporary supply of healthy red blood cells with normal hemoglobin capable of carrying the oxygen that the pateints body needs. While thalassemia patients were given infrequent transfusions in the past, clinical research led to a more frequent program of regular blood cell transfusions that greatly improved the patients quality of life. Today, most patients with a major form of thalassemia receive red blood cell transfusions every two to three weeks, amounting to as much as 52 pints of blood a year. Because there is no natural way to the body to eliminate iron, the iron in the transfused blood cells builds up in a condition known as iron overload and becomes toxic to tissues and organs, particularly the liver and heart. To help remove excess iron, patients undergo iron chelation therapy, in which a drug introduced into the body which binds with excess iron and removes it through the urine or stool. In 2005, FDA approved an oral chelator, Exjade. This is a pill which is dissolved in water or juice once a day. Molecular Genetics Beta thalassemia is caused by mutations in the HBB gene. More than 250 mutations in the HBB gene have been caused beta thalssemia. Most of the mutations involve a change in single DNA building block within or near the HBB gene. Other mutations insert or delete a small number of nucleotides in the HBB gene. HBB gene mutations that decrease beta-globin production result in a type of the condition called beta-plus thalssemia. Mutations that prevent cells from producing any beta-globin result in beta-zero thalssemia. Without proper amounts of beta-globin, sufficient hemoglobin cannot be formed. A lack of hemoglobin disrupts the normal development of red blood cells. A shortage of mature red blood cells prevents these cells from carrying and delivering enough oxygen to satisfy the body’s energy needs. A lack of oxygen in the body’s tissues can lead to poor growth, organ damage, and other health problems associated with beta thalassemia. Genetic Testing DNA analysis is available to investigate deletions and mutations in the beta-globin producing genes. Family studies can be done to evaluate carrier status and the types of mutations present in family members. DNA testing is not routinely done but can be used to help diagnosis thalassemia and to determine carrier status. Other relevant information Being a carrier of the disease may confer a degree of protection against malaria, as it is quite common among people of Italian and Greek origin, and also in some African and Indian regions. This probably by making the red blood cells more susceptible to the less lethal species Plasmodium vivax simultaneously making the hosts red blood cell environment unsuitable for the more lethal strain Plasmodium falciparum. This is believed to be a selective advantage for patients with the various thalassemia traits. More information can be found at: * Medline Plus * Genetics Home Reference * Cooleys Anemia Foundation References Beta Thalassemia. Genetics Home Reference. U. S. National Library of Medicine. July 2009. April 25, 2010. http://ghr. nlm. nih. gov/condition=betathalassemia Beta Thalassemia. Lucile Packard Childrens Hospital. 2010. April 25, 2010. http://www. lpch. org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/hematology/thalbeta. html About Thalassemia. Cooleys Anemia Foundation. 2010. April 25, 2010. http://www. thalassemia. org/index. php? option=com_content;view=article;id=19;Itemid=27 Beta Thalassemias. US Department of Health ; Human Services. National Institute of Health. 2010. April 25, 2010. http://www. nhlbi. nih. gov/health/dci/Diseases/Thalassemia/Thalassemia_WhatIs. html Mormino, Vincenzo. Thalassemia in Sicily. Best of Sicily Magazine. 004. April 25, 2010. http://www. bestofsicily. com/mag/art133. htm Thalassemia. Prathama Blood Center. 2010. April 25, 2010. http://www. prathama. org/thalassimias. php Thalassemia. Disease Information. Iron Overload. 2010. April 25, 2010. http://www. ironoverloadme. com/hcp/disease_information/thalaseemia. html When Your Child Has Beta Thalassemia. Mount Nittany Medical Center. 2010. April 25, 2010. http://www. mount nittany. org/wellness-library/healthsheets/documents? ID=11943 Beta Thalassemia. Access DNA. 2010. April 25, 2010. http://www. accessdna. com/condition/Beta-Thalassemia/60

Free Essays on Organization Development-Creativity

â€Å"In the Creative Economy, the most important intellectual property isn’t software or music or movies. It’s the stuff inside employees’ heads. When assets were physical things like coalmines, shareholders truly owned them. But when the vital assets are people, there can be no true ownership. The best that corporations can do is to create an environment that makes the best people want to stay1† -Cor Peter An organization that stimulates creativity develops novel approaches to doing the work or unique solution to problems. Innovation is the process of taking a creative idea and turning it into a useful product, service, or method of operation. Thus, the innovative company is characterized by its ability to channel creativity into useful outcomes. When managers talk about changing an organization to make it more creative, they usually mean they want to stimulate innovation. Nevertheless, sometimes just have creative people is not enough. It takes the right environment for the innovation process to take hold and prosper. Robbins and Coulter (1999) have identified three sets of variables that have been found to stimulate innovation: the organization’s structure, culture, and human resource practices2. The importance of innovation in the textile industry has risen dramatically during the last few decades. â€Å"Innovate or lose† has increasingly become the rallying cry of today’s managers. During the peak of the industrial era, a company could prosper from slowly developing and refining one single product or service. The increasing pace with which business now reshapes itself – propelled by the new capabilities offered by information technology, which places higher demand on the organizational memb... Free Essays on Organization Development-Creativity Free Essays on Organization Development-Creativity â€Å"In the Creative Economy, the most important intellectual property isn’t software or music or movies. It’s the stuff inside employees’ heads. When assets were physical things like coalmines, shareholders truly owned them. But when the vital assets are people, there can be no true ownership. The best that corporations can do is to create an environment that makes the best people want to stay1† -Cor Peter An organization that stimulates creativity develops novel approaches to doing the work or unique solution to problems. Innovation is the process of taking a creative idea and turning it into a useful product, service, or method of operation. Thus, the innovative company is characterized by its ability to channel creativity into useful outcomes. When managers talk about changing an organization to make it more creative, they usually mean they want to stimulate innovation. Nevertheless, sometimes just have creative people is not enough. It takes the right environment for the innovation process to take hold and prosper. Robbins and Coulter (1999) have identified three sets of variables that have been found to stimulate innovation: the organization’s structure, culture, and human resource practices2. The importance of innovation in the textile industry has risen dramatically during the last few decades. â€Å"Innovate or lose† has increasingly become the rallying cry of today’s managers. During the peak of the industrial era, a company could prosper from slowly developing and refining one single product or service. The increasing pace with which business now reshapes itself – propelled by the new capabilities offered by information technology, which places higher demand on the organizational memb...

Vegetarianism vs Omnivore Essay

Vegetarianism vs Omnivore Essay Vegetarianism vs Omnivore Essay Why Vegetarianism is better for the Health than Omnivorism? Abstract Vegetarianism is the practice whereby a person does not consume animal foods, restricting him or herself to eating vegetable foods only. Such a person is referred to as a vegetarian. Vegetarian diets vary widely, ranging from exclusive non-consumption of animal products at all to consumption of animal products such eggs, dairy products, poultry and fish. Vegetarian diets involve plant based foods like legumes, grains, vegetables, nuts fruits and seeds. Vegetarians vary depending on whether or what kinds of animals are eaten. Strict vegetarians are called vegan and their diets exclude all forms of animal products like fowl, meat, eggs and dairy. On the other hand, a lacto-ovo- vegetarian consumes dairy products such as eggs besides plants products. Whereas Lacto vegetarians consume dairy products in addition to plant products, an ovo vegetarian consumes eggs only, as animal products (Nordqvist). Fruitarian vegetarians consume raw and dried fruit and vegetables only. Cooking is believed to harm the fruits’ nutritional ingredients. Such vegetarians eat all types of fruits, both sweet and non sweet. There are also the semi-vegetarians who consume plant based foods combined with slight amounts of poultry and fish. On the other hand, the macrobiotic vegetarians’ diet consists of cereals, whole grains and cooked vegetables. Omnivorism vegetarians on their part belief in the exclusive consumption of animal and plant based foods. They consume both in moderation. There is a growing concern that the different types of vegetarians like lacto vegetarians are ethical omnivores. An omnivorous diet contains plants and animal foods, but omnivorous persons put more emphasis on meat than on other foods (Nordqvist). As vegetarianism has gained popularity in the 21st century, there are reasons as to this newly emergent dietetic trend. Some of these reasons include the following: 1. How did vegetarianism come about? 2. What are the health benefits of vegetarianism, as opposed to omnivorism? 3. What are the social values for being a vegetarian, as opposed to omnivorism? 4. What is the ethics behind vegetarianism? 5. What is the spirituality behind vegetarianism? 6. How do I become a vegetarian? 7. What might happen if plants cease to exist anymore? History of vegetarianism dates back many centuries from the Asian subcontinent. However, vegetarianism is not historically constrained to the East. As early as the 16 century, Greek philosophers like Pythagoras and others abstained from meat consumption based primarily on their belief in the transmigration of souls. The 18th century vegetarian advocates included Voltaire of France and Franklin Benjamin of America. Although there have always been a followers of vegetarianism, the rapid growth of the movement in the United States occurred principally since the 1970s. Currently, there are millions of vegetarianism, as well as magazines, journals and books published to help them in pursuit of vegetarianism. One key reason for vegetarianism is regards for health. There have been nauseous concerns about sanitation of slaughter methods and production houses. This raises a health concern on possible contamination of the meat itself during the transportation, storage and entire preparation process. In America, there are about one million farmers and ranchers who carry out livestock farming. In comparison there are about six thousand plants that are federally inspected to process. Additionally, only four major packers process about 70 percent of beef and other four packers of 60 percent of pork in the United States. Further, there are concerns that persons concerned with slaughtering do not observe humane slaughter act of 1960. The act necessitates that, before slaughtering, animals must be rendered wholly unconscious, with the least of excitement and discomfort by use of electrical, mechanical and chemical (carbon dioxide gas) methods. Some persons contend that these methods are not as accur ately as they should be. Lack of observation of these principles results in contamination of the meat products considering that meat products are delicate and highly perishable products. In order to live healthy, persons should resort to vegetarianism (Keegan 136). Over consumption of meat products is the leading cause of weight gain, whereas overconsumption of vegetables does not result in weight gain. Meat intake results in calories add up bit by bit compared to fiber rich veggies like green beans. Persons who consume large quantities of meat are obese, while persons consuming veggies are healthier. Since meat consumption has resulted in obesity among many people, fast foods around the world are embarking on selling vegetable meals, which is increasing ground, implying that vegetarianism is better for health than omnivorism (CindyL). Omnivorism results in low life span as compared to vegetarianism conscious living. A survey sponsored by the United States national cancer institute revealed that persons who eat four bits or more daily are at 30percent risk of dying than vegetarians. The study further showed that processed meat also increases death risks. Meat does not contain fiber, which results in the digestive system complications. Further, lack of fiber in the body increases the risk of heart and cancer problems. According to National Cancer Institute, Rectal and colon cancer have resulted in more 51,690 deaths in United States in 2012. While lack of fiber in meats causes diseases, presence of fiber in vegetables protect the body against disease. As such, vegetarianism is better for health than omnivorism. Meats contain saturated fats which are harmful to the body. The meat fats surround the arteries and vessels of the heart, interfering with the proper functioning of the heart. The interference affects free movement of blood in the body, posing the risk of heart attack. Meats contain a high concentration of salts and nitrates. Meats like hot dogs and bacon contain high salts and other preservatives which are not healthy for the body. Further, such foods contain animal fur, which means that they are not prepared in healthy ways. Other preservatives in processed meats are harmful to the body, since they contain chemicals that are carcinogenic. For instance, high concentration of salts and nitrates can cause high blood pressure and trigger other cardiovascular and chronic ailments. In order to live healthy, meat consumption should be balanced with vegetables. Proteins obtainable from animal products can also be obtained in plants, whereas nutrients available in plants cannot be substitut ed for anything else. This is a clear indication that vegetarianism is better for health than omnivorism (CindyL). Vegetable foods are very healthy to the entire body, and especially the heart. Does the omnivorism affect the heart? This is a contentious topic that has been the subject matter of debate for several decades, but doctors and scientists came to agree that diets could cause or prevent heart disease. This view is also held by the seventh day Adventist religious group, who are massive flowers of vegetarian practices worldwide. The religious group holds the following precepts on the health benefits of a vegetarian lifestyle. They assert that Adventist omnivore men who are fifty five years and above are twice more likely to die of a heart ailment than vegetarian Adventists. Men aged 40 to 54 who eat meat more than six times a week are 4 times, likely to suffer from a deadly heart attack than vegetarian men. Women over 55 years who eat meat are 1.5 times at risk of a lethal heart attack than do female vegetarians. As for Christians who are strictly vegetarians, their assertion comes from th e book of psalms 104:14. The verse states â€Å"He causes grass to grow for the cattle, and vegetables for the service of man†. Another verse in Genesis 1:29 that supports this view reads as â€Å"I give you every seed bearing plant on the face of the whole earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food† (Contreras 85). Even the conventional American dietetic association recognizes that a budding body of scientific knowledge holds an affirmative association, between the consumption of a plant based diet and prevention of certain ailments. The meat industry denies the health gains of vegetarian diets. However, research on cancer high blood pressure, obesity and heart diseases indicates otherwise. A recent research on the role of diet in prevention of certain conditions evidences that heart disease is related to excessive intake of fats. The foods that we take are the sole important factor in establishing whether or not we develop heart diseases. Fruits and vegetables are the backbone of a healthy heart. Several studies show that persons who consume a lot of fruits have reduced risk of heart disease. One such example is Finland, where people consume potentially more fruit and vegetables. This change is related directly with decrease in deaths from the heart ailment (Keegan 156). In San Francisco, Dr. Ornish Dean of the California University found that individuals who consumed vegetarian foods that were low in fat had half the number of heart complications as people who ate meat on a typical American diet. Additionally, they shed off thirteen pounds and kept it off for a period of four years. Fruits and vegetables do not have cholesterol and are naturally low in fat concentration, calories and sodium. They are rich in fiber, folic acid, protein and vitamin C. In another study carried out in Italy, high levels of vegetable consumption led to 21 percent reduction in heart attacks and reduced chest pains by 11 percent. A high consumption of fruits also reduces blood pressure. Vegetables and fruits are rich is phytochemicals which help in prevention of heart ailment. Phytochemicals are biologically active minerals and vitamins that fall into plant sterols, flavanoids and plant sulfur compounds (Contreras 94). Plant sterols help to obstruct cholesterol assimilation from the diet or increase excretion of cholesterol in the body. Flavanoids extend the activity of vitamin C by acting as free fundamental scavengers, prevent LDL cholesterol oxidation, inhibit aggregation of platelets and possess anti-inflammatory action. Intake of flavanoids has been shown to decrease the casualty of heart ailment and the incidence of heart attack. Mature males with high consumption of flavanoids were 60 percent less the risk of heart death than low consumers according to the Zutphen elderly study. The study also revealed that most- menopausal women consumers of fruits and vegetables are responsible for 38 percent reduction in heart complications. Broccoli was found essentially noteworthy on reducing heart disease (Contreras 96). Plant sulfur compounds found in the allium family of vegetables has been shown to have preventive and protective properties against cardiovascular disease. Garlic leeks and onions are specifically shown to have these properties. Color pigments; anthocyamins in vegetables and fruits helps to shield consumers from heart disease. They protect heart disease by slowing cholesterol generation. Carotenoids pigments in yellow orange green and red vegetables are powerful anti oxidants that satiate free radicals, strengthen the immune system and protect the body against oxidative damage. Vegetables help to maintain the level of sugar in the blood which reduces the risk of adult onset diabetes (Contreras 91). By logically comparing omnivores and carnivores, it is clear that man was not created to take meat. Meat eaters have claws to help them in their meat eating habits while humans do not have claws. Meat eating animals have sharp front teeth for tearing flesh with no flat molar for grinding. Humans have no pointed front teeth, and have flat molars for grinding, similar to that of herbivores. Meat eaters have a larger intestine capacity that is thrice their body length in order to aid rapidly decaying flesh to bypass through rapidly. Human on the other hand have an intestinal track that is ten times their body size. Another physiological difference that shows that vegetarianism is better for a man’s health is that, meat eaters have a powerful hydrochloric acid in the stomach to aid meat digestion while humans have a weaker stomach acid. This shows that humans overwork their digestive system by consuming meat. Humans have a properly developed salivary gland, which is vital for pre- digesting grains and vegetables. Meat eaters do not have salivary glands in the mouth. These distinctions clearly show why vegetarianism is the healthy way for human beings (The Vegetarian Resource Group). A certain group of researchers investigated for the symbolic meaning of eating by contrasting the beliefs and values of omnivores and vegetarians. They contrasted a wide assortment of omnivores and vegetarians on the right wing totalitarianism, social domination orientation, eating values and human values. The participants tending towards omnivorism differed from those inclining towards veganism in two chief ways. The omnivores were more likely to sanction hierarchical ascendancy, and they placed less importance on sentimental states. Consequently, the approval or rejection of meat covaried with the approval or denunciation of the values related with meat; that discovery suggests that persons eat meat and embrace its representation in manners unswerving with their self definitions (Keegan 169). The spirituality behind vegetarianism is traceable in old religions like the Jewish and Christianity. Jewish dietary laws follow the context of mosaic laws, and they prescribe a healthy living whether one is Buddhist, Chinese or Muslim. Religious reasons are the primary reasons as to why some people adopt vegetarianism. Some religions assert the belief of re-embodiment, a multilfe relationship between animals and humans, thus, eating flesh is forbidden. As such eating flesh is considered as a taboo in religion. Vegetarianism becomes the best solution for such persons as they observe their diets (Keegan 159). Environment ethicists and advocates assert that a diet devoid of meat relates to environmental concern. Persons concerned on the planet ability to produce sufficient quantities of food to sustain a burgeoning population think that lessening meat consumption will aid. For illustration of this point, an acre of land will yield a greater quantity of edible plant than animal meat. One acre of land is capable of producing as much as 385 pounds of alfalfa seed from one pound of seed. If in turn the 384 pounds are sprouted for food, the yield will be around 3180 pounds of consumable sprouts. As such, consumption of plant can make a significant environmental difference. As part of ethics associated with omnivorism, taking the life of the poor animal is bad as it involves killing. In order to live a conscious life, a person can use the gradual or rapid change. Gradual change into vegetarianism is preferable because the slow change tends to become more of a lifestyle and long term move. Additionally, rapid change may not go well with some people; their digestive systems may not accommodate such so fast. A gradual change entails increasing intake of legumes, fruits, vegetables and whole grains while lessening meat intake at the same time. For persons who want to become vegetarians, they can follow the following guidelines. First, choose one whole grain products like cereals and rice. Ensure that the diet is diverse. Consider low or non fat dairy foodstuffs. Reduce intake of eggs consumed per week to three or four in one week. It is necessary to plan well on what foodstuffs to purchase when shopping. Read through the food labels before purchasing. Finally, it is essential to identify a specialist store where one will be obtaining supplies. If plants cease to exis t, there would be no life for both the omnivores and the vegetarians. Safeguard of plants should therefore be enhanced in order to drive healthy and conscious living. writing service provides students with quality custom written papers. All academic essays are written by professional  essay writers from scratch!

Does Violent Video Gaming Have an Effect on Children Research Paper

Does Violent Video Gaming Have an Effect on Children - Research Paper Example Kim et al (2010) have mentioned that â€Å"excessive playing of video games may result in impaired academic performance (Kim et al, 2010). It is an accepted fact that most of the modern videogames are thought provoking and hence it can improve children’s skills such as numerical ability, problem solving, decision making, synthesis, analysis etc. At the same time, it should be noted that spending too much time for playing videogames may have detrimental effect on children as far as the academic achievements of the children are concerned. The increased influence of video games will force the children to decrease the time spent for learning academic topics. In other words, children who spent more time for playing videogames may spent little time for doing their home works, assignments or project works. Failure in doing home works may result in poor academic performances of the children in schools. Poor academic performances of the children may generate criticism from family and teachers which may generate frustration in the minds of children. Increased frustration may often come out in the form of violent behaviors. In other words, even nonviolent videogames can generate violent behavior indirectly among children. Children may discuss the themes of the violent videogames they played even at schools and they may try to implement it in their real life also. For example, Grand Theft Auto is one of the most popular videogames among children at present. The theme of this videogame is a motor vehicle theft as the name indicates. Same way Mortal Kombat is another videogame in which the major theme is fighting. Such videogames will definitely encourage children to do the same activities in their real life as they... Children of current generation are not much keen in playing physically hardworking sports and games; they are more interested in spending as much time in front of the computers, mobile phones or television sets for playing videogames. According to Gouzouasis et al (n. d), â€Å"the type of extra-curricular activities like playing an instrument versus playing video games has differential effects on the person’s skill acquisition and personality development†. The themes of majority of the videogames currently available are violence. Many people believe that violent videogames play a vital role in the personality development of children. Moreover, many of the school violence incidents are happening as a result of the increasing influence of violent videogames upon children. Children who engaged in playing violent videogames may try to practice violence in their real life also. At the same time many other people believe that violence in videogames may not affect childrenâ⠂¬â„¢s attitude or character very much. Videogames playing may have some utility as far as the mental development of the children are concerned. However, playing violent videogames may always affect the children negatively. Unknowingly children may develop violent behaviors as a result of continuous playing of violent videogames. Since children have less awareness in segregating good and evil, they may often try to practice the themes they observed in the violent videogames in their real life. Many of the school violence incidents are taking place as a result of the increasing influence of violent videogames upon children. In short, videogame playing, especially the violent videogame playing should be restricted among children. Parents and teachers should focus more on student activities and they should assist the children in the selection of videogames for playing.

Monetary policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Monetary policy - Essay Example The RBA often determines the official cash rate after deciding on what monetary policy target it intends to attain (Reserve Bank of Australia, 2012a). Such targets may include, increasing economic growth, lowering inflation. RBA uses open market operations to affect the changes of the official cash rate, which in turn trickles down to the financial system in the country. Although RBA changes the official cash rate through open market operations, the actual cash rates are often determined by supply and demand actions among banks. Each bank is free to determine the rate by which it lends to another bank. Changing the official cash rate however, impacts all other interest rates in the market which in turn impacts the supply and demand of money in the economic system (Reserve Bank of Australia, 2012b; Lowe, 1995:1-2). The market rate of interest on the other hand is the rate that financial institutions charge its clients for borrowing money. This interest is often impacted by changes in the official cash rate, whereby increases in cash rate would imply that the banks are borrowing from other banks expensively and hence would also increase the interest rate that they charge their customers for borrowing money. A drop in the official cash rate would make it cheaper for the banks to borrow funds and hence competition among banks would reduce the market interest rate across the Australian Economy (Smales, 2011:52-55). The RBA decreases the cash rate through open market operations in order to ensure that the official cash rate that has been set is as close as possible to the actual cash rate exhibited in the market due to forces of demand and supply. Each financial institution in the country has an Exchange settlement account for which enable banks to settle payments between each and also with the RBA. Where RBA wants to reduce the cash rate, it would buy repurchase agreements (repos) or second-hand common wealth government securities (CGS) from the financial institutio ns in the economy. The RBA pays the banks using their exchange settlement accounts with the RBA which increases the amount that they have access to and can lend out (Reserve Bank of Australia, 2012b; Kuttner and Mosser, 2002: 16). This increases the supply of money in the economy, and due to competition to lend out to borrowers, the cash rate as well as the market interest rates drop. This is as demonstrated in a simple Keynesian model below: As noted in the figure, when the RBA uses the open market mechanism to purchase government securities and repos, the money supply denoted by MS, moves from the original position MS to MS1 showing a rise in money supply. Since the supply money is inelastic relative to interest rates, the MS curve is perfectly inelastic. On the other hand, the demand for money changes with changes in interest rate. Hence as money supply increases in volume due to RBA purchasing repos and CGS, interest rates fall also drop. Answer two Effect of a decrease of inter est rate on: Consumption and Investment expenditures: a fall interest rates increases investment and consumption. As noted above, a fall in interest rates is as a result in an increase in money supply. This makes it possible for businesses and consumers increase their borrowing from banks at a lower rate of interest since it is cheaper to access loans. Hence, there would be an increase in consumption and investment expenditures financed by debt as businesses are able to access funds for capital goods such as equipments, and consumers are also able

Learning English as a Second Language Essay Example for Free

Learning English as a Second Language Essay From the content in the introductory part of the WebQuest, It is true that English is common language for the native people but for the non native people it is challenging and requires one to go through a series of classes compounded by determination and willingness to learn in order to understand it well. The thesis statement of the web quest gives an over view of what the rest of the content is all about. It gives the fundamental steps of learning English which involves understanding the meaning of different vocabularies provided and using them in a well structured and grammatically correct sentence. As a teaching material, this WebQuest highlights the main objectives, which will serve as the yard stick of determining whether the intended purpose of the WebQuest is achieved. In addition to this, I give a positive feed back to the way the learning process is arranged. Understanding a word and pronouncing it correctly is indeed the fundamental step in solving the complexity in English as a language. This is because it creates a dovetail for the construction of grammatically and structurally perfect sentences to fit. Team work is undoubtedly important in building confidence among the students. It also enables them to share their difficulties and hence understand the challenges a head of them. Provision of resources is of importance because it gives the whole learning process the originality and reliability it deserves. The evolution process cannot go unaccredited because it will enable the lecturers to know if the objectives were met. However, the WebQuest fails to show what the students should do if they fail the second step of understanding the meaning of the words in the sentences. This in my opinion is crucial for the process of learning English as a second language.

Getting Things Done: The Art of Stress-Free Productivity :: Book Review, David Allen

The book I chose to read is Getting Things Done: The Art of Stress-Free Productivity by David Allen. David Allen is considered by Forbes Magazine to be in the top five executive coaches in the United States. He has over thirty years of experience in coaching some of the highest ranking executives in some of the biggest businesses in the United States. Time Magazine called this book, â€Å"the defining self-help business book of it’s time." The book is broken down into three main parts and thirteen chapters and sub-sections. The first part is titled The Art of Getting Things Done. It contains information on societal shifts in the workplace and ways to manage work. Among his tips, he believes everyone should physically write down every task they must accomplish on a daily basis, whether they write it on paper or electronically. They must then make decisions based on length and importance and decide which tasks to accomplish and when to accomplish them. His main point of emphasis in this first chapter is that the mind becomes too cluttered and that short-term memory should be used to focus not store things. In chapter two, the author introduces his five keys or stages to controlling/managing workflow. They are (1) to collect, (2) process, (3) organize, (4) review and (5) do. He points to these five steps as a way to organizing work that needs to be accomplished and successfully completing it. The last chapter in the firs t section is about vertically focusing on the thought process to complete projects. Allen outlines five more steps to accomplish any task. They are (1) defining purpose and principles, (2) outcome visioning, (3) brainstorming, (4) organizing, and (5) Identifying next actions. The second part of this book, which is well over  ½ of the entire book, is somewhat of a repeat of the first part but a much more detailed perspective of the methodology of David Allen. He recommends taking two days at the start of his process just to get organized. Within these two days, one should set up private workspace not only at work but at home also. In chapter five and six, Allen refers back to his five keys to control workflow, he points out to accomplish the collecting phase completely before moving onto the processing and organizing stages. This will eliminate distractions. During the processing phase, a person is not really completing any items but rather identifying what needs to be done with each one.

Opening Statement State V Micahel Miller

Ladies and Gentleman of the jury, here we have a malicious crime towards humanity. Here we have the Shirley Thompson accusing Michael Miller of aggravated sexual assault, also holding her at knife point. Shirley Thompson was walking home on the early morning of January 9th. As she is on her way home from a tiring day from work she is viscously attacked by this molester also known as Michael Miller. Thompson works a 7pm-3am shift and on this shift she is the only waitress working. From working this shift she felt sick and asked permission to end her shift at 11 pm. She decided not to contact he husband to tell him she was on her way home because Thompson only lives a six block distance from the tasty good restaurant where she is employed. My client has only worked there for 5 months she meets people that come in and out of that place every day. THAT MAN right their Michael Miller attacked my client on that night of Jan 9th, He will tell you that they had met in times before. Miller and Thompson had an agreement to meet each other. In actuality she had never seen this man before in her life. Mr Miller is employed at Eddie’s service station. Mr. Miller has been through the legal system in times before he has been charged with burglary and pleaded guilty and was let go on 5 yrs probation. We have all the evidence needed to prove that Miller is indeed guilty of this crime towards this hard working lady. Not only do we Ms Thompsons Chilling description of the crime and question: we also have the reporting officers testimony stating the fact in which he found Ms. Thompson after her encounter with this molester. Also in our hands are the physicians medical report that reveals that presence of sperm inside of my client. The Thompson family have been deeply scared by this heinous act. This man should be charged with Rape in the 1st degree, criminal possession of a weapon in the 4th degree and kidnapping in the 4th degree. He should kept out of society it’s obvious he can’t socialize without attack. He has shown attendance for crime in his past, that same criminal instinct has rise once again

A Ideal Partner

To be able to completely trust your life on a simple word from your partner is a soul quality of admiration. A man that I know is going to be there for me through all the complexities that life puts forward, pleasant and not so pleasant no matter what the consequences. Women have consistently been recognized for their desire and style of communication, for the means of expressing emotions, frustrations, and information exchange. The quality of sincerity is one that can be the foundation of a life long relationship. Commitment is a quality that forsaking all other, you are faithful to your partner in life and life-eternal. The quality of integrity is one that I hold very high on my standards for a man. Each of these proceeding characteristics contributes to a man of desire. The reasoning that I firmly believe this is because I†tmve found my ideal partner in my husband. The definition of sincere is to be free from pretence in behavior or feelings, to be genuine and honest. A man can be compassionate towards his friends or family. Having a man whom you can count on wholeheartedly by his word is irreplaceable. For my partner to risk his life or surrender himself on my behalf would be of complete aspiration. The perfect companion that would be for myself would be a man of sincerity, integrity, compassion, and commitment. The qualities that intrigue me are not of material or superficial possessions, but internal contentment and confidence.

Precycling The Essence of Conservation essays

Precycling The Essence of Conservation essays Precycling: The Essence of Conservation As we shift into a new millennium, our society must face the pressing environmental issues that we have ignored for so long. The earths resources have dwindled tremendously and unnecessarily in recent years. People need to start saving our precious resources through precycling. Precycling, a fancy word for waste reduction, is any activity that prevents or minimizes the toxicity or quantity of waste. This would include product reuse, increased product life, reduced material and energy use in product design, and changing purchasing and waste producing habits. Toxicity reduction includes changes in product and packaging designs, and purchasing reusable toxic items rather than disposable ones. Precycling should be a higher priority than any of the other waste management methods, including recycling. Waste reduction is the most environmentally friendly form of waste management because, unlike other methods, there is no need to process or transport materials. As a result energy and resources are saved. Source reduction is hardly an issue with companies and consumers. It seems like a contest of who can put the most excessive packaging on their products. The good news is that the decisions we make every day can support precycling in a big way. Schools can be role models for precycling and plant a seed for students to take action. At Ashland High School, the back side of paper should never be wasted. Printers (with available technology) should print on both sides as well. On assignments done at home, homework could be put on a disk and given to the teacher to view, rather than be printed out for one-time viewing. Reusable plates and utensils should be used in the cafeteria rather than wasting hundreds of paper plates every lunch hour. While precycling can be accomplished at AHS, students need to be informed on what they can do in their own lives to save our resources. It’...

Good Business Schools With One-Year MBA Programs

Good Business Schools With One-Year MBA Programs A one-year MBA program is a Master of Business Administration (MBA) program that takes 12 months to complete. One-year MBA programs are also known as fast-track MBA programs, accelerated MBA programs, or 12-month MBA programs. What differentiates this program from a traditional MBA program is the amount of time it takes to complete the program and earn a degree. Traditional MBA programs typically take two years to complete. So, a one-year MBA program allows students to earn their degree in half the time it takes an average student. One-year MBA programs also have financial benefits over two-year programs. For instance, tuition is half the price because you have to pay for just one year of education rather than two. There is also missed income to consider. Attending school full-time for two years means two years without full-time employment income. A one-year MBA program gets you back to work in half the time. Business Schools With One-Year MBA Programs INSEAD began offering the first one-year MBA program decades ago. These programs are now commonplace in many European schools. The popularity of the programs has prompted many U.S. business schools to offer an accelerated MBA option in addition to traditional two-year MBA programs, executive MBA programs, and part-time MBA programs. You won’t find a one-year MBA program at every business school, but you should have no problem locating a one-year MBA program at a good business school. Lets take a look at some of the well-known and reputable business schools that allow students to earn an MBA in one year or less. INSEAD We start our exploration of one-year MBA programs with INSEAD because it pioneered the one-year MBA and is widely considered to be one of the best MBA schools in the world. INSEAD has campuses in France, Singapore, and  Abu Dhabi. Their accelerated MBA program can be completed in just 10 months. During that time, students take 20 courses (13 core management courses and 7 electives). Students can choose from more than 75 different elective options, which allows for a fully customizable experience. Another positive attribute of this program is the opportunity to experience multicultural education. INSEAD students are diverse, representing more than 75 nationalities. During the first four months of the program, students complete dozens of group projects so that they can learn what it is like to lead and work in diverse teams. At least half of INSEAD grads go on to own or manage their own company. Read more about the INSEAD MBA program. Kellogg School of Management The Kellogg School of Management at Northwest University is one of the highest ranked U.S. schools with a one-year MBA program. It was also one of the first U.S. schools to offer a one-year MBA program. The most interesting aspect of the Kellogg program is that it doesn’t jam two years worth of courses into 12 months like some schools do. Instead, Kellogg students get the option to skip core courses and focus on electives that match their career goals. With more than 200 courses to choose from, students can really make sure their education is as broad or as focused as they would like it to be. The customization continues with experiential learning. Kellogg has more than 1,000 experiential learning opportunities to choose from, including special labs, courses, and projects that provide real experience with critical business and management issues. Read more about the Kellogg One-Year MBA program. IE Business School IE Business School is a Madrid school that is consistently ranked among the best schools in Europe and on a global scale. The student body in the one-year MBA program, also known as the IE International MBA program, is 90 percent international, which means classrooms are diverse. MBA students can choose from either English or Spanish instruction. The curriculum shies away from the traditional - up to 40 percent of the program can be customized and tailored to your individual career goals and needs. One-year MBA students start out with a core period that emphasizes entrepreneurship before moving on to a lab period that consists of two accelerated labs designed to provide  experiential, challenge-based learning. The program culminates with an elective period that allows students to customize the rest of their education with courses, study at Wharton (a partner school), competitive IE consulting projects, a 7-10 week internship, and other unique opportunities. Read more about the IE International MBA program. Johnson Graduate School of Management For students who want to earn an Ivy League MBA from a U.S. school in just 12 months, the Johnson Graduate School of Management at Cornell University is the place to be. Johnsons one-year MBA program is specifically designed for current and aspiring professionals with strong leadership and quantitative skills. Students in the one-year MBA program take core courses during 10-week summer term before joining two-year MBA students in remaining courses. One-year MBA students also have access to the full range of courses across Cornell University, which amounts to about 4,000 different options. Highlights of the one-year MBA program include international study trips, a fall semester Management Practicum that allows students to gain hands-on experience through real consulting projects, and a spring semester Immersion Program that integrates coursework with fieldwork. Read more about the Johnson One-Year MBA program. Selecting a One-Year MBA Program The business schools mentioned in this article are not the only good schools with a one-year MBA program. There are a lot of them out there! However, these schools do provide a solid example of what you should look for in a one-year program. Some of the most desirable programs offer: Diverse classroomsA solid core curriculumCustomizable electivesExperiential learning experiencesGlobal learning experiencesInternship opportunities

Fathers need to be as involved in their children's lives as mother are Essay

Fathers need to be as involved in their children's lives as mother are - Essay Example Fathers should be involved in their children’s lives just as much as their mothers are because fathers offer different skill sets than mothers, children receive a much improved childhood, and fathers good set a good example for their children. One reason why fathers need to play an equal role, in conjunction with their wives, in their children’s lives is that they have certain characteristics that cannot be replicated by mothers. In single-parent households, mothers are generally left to pick up the slack left behind by an absent father. That is not to say that a mother cannot fill the gap of a missing father, but each parent has specific roles that must be performed by them. While mothers are generally left to enforce the rules that children must live by, it is the responsibility of fathers to set these rules and then meter out the appropriate punishment if these rules happened to be broken. For a mother to perform all three of these actions is perhaps too much. Childr en would feel like they were getting singled out for nothing. It is for this reason that fathers often command more respect that mothers do. This is because children instinctively know that fathers are the ones in charge and that the buck stops with them. It is okay for fathers and mothers to have different positions on how to raise their children because each would have an idea on how to raise their kids. As the old cliche goes, â€Å"Two heads are better than one.† This is not to put mothers down; it’s just that fathers fill a place that can help to enhance a family’s relationship. Another reason why fathers must involve themselves in their children’s lives just as much as mothers is that the children are better for it. It is always reassuring for a child growing up to see two parents that are totally committed to each other. Children interpret this as both parents being devoted to the health and well-being of their offspring. This can continue on into other areas of a child’s life such as education and in social settings. Many studies show that children perform better when a father’s is interested in their schoolwork. In terms of a child’s social life, they are better able to make friendships and trust others if they have already experienced this in their family life. The final reason why fathers need to be involved in their children’s lives as much as mothers is that fathers are in a position to be a good example for their children. Fathers have life skills that they can teach to their children that mothers would have no idea about. The role of a father in his son’s life is extremely important. The way a father is involved in his son’s life affects not only how the son’s perceives his father but affects his behaviors later on in life. Fathers who are alcoholics and abusive husbands tend to have sons grow up to do the very same thing. On the other hand, a father who is a loving hus band and has found success in his life will likely have a son who is well-grounded and focused on his life goals. In another way, fathers can show a good example to their daughters too. Fathers who love and care about their daughters will likely find that they grow up to becoming successful young women. Fathers have a very important role to play in the lives of their children because they have always been thought of as the head of the household.